All parts of INDIAN CONSTITUTION UPSC

 

Indian Constitution Overview.

The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of India and it consists of 448 articles, divided into 22 parts and 12 schedules. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on November 26, 1949, and came into effect on January 26, 1950.

Part I: Union and its Territory - This part deals with the territory of India, the formation of new states and alteration of existing states.

Part II: Citizenship - This part deals with the citizenship of India and the rights of citizens.

Part III: Fundamental Rights - This part contains provisions related to the fundamental rights of Indian citizens, such as the right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and right to constitutional remedies.

Part IV: Directive Principles of State Policy - This part contains the principles which the State must follow while making laws for the country.

Part V: The Union - This part deals with the President, Vice President, Council of Ministers, and the Attorney General.

Part VI: The States - This part deals with the Governors, State Legislatures, and State Council of Ministers.

Part VII: States in Part B of the First Schedule - This part deals with the administration of certain states which were earlier known as "Part B states".

Part VIII: The Union Territories - This part deals with the administration of Union Territories in India.

Part IX: The Panchayats - This part deals with the establishment of Panchayats and their powers and functions.

Part IXA: The Municipalities - This part deals with the establishment of municipalities and their powers and functions.

Part X: The Scheduled and Tribal Areas - This part deals with the administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas.

Part XI: Relations between the Union and the States - This part deals with the distribution of powers between the Union and the States.

Part XII: Finance, Property, Contracts, and Suits - This part deals with the financial and property-related matters of the country.

Part XIII: Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the Territory of India - This part deals with trade and commerce within the country.

Part XIV: Services under the Union and the States - This part deals with the appointment, removal, and terms of service of various officials.

Part XIVA: Tribunals - This part deals with the establishment and jurisdiction of administrative tribunals in India.

Part XV: Elections - This part deals with the conduct of elections in India.

Part XVI: Special Provisions relating to Certain Classes - This part deals with the special provisions for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other backward classes.

Part XVII: Official Language - This part deals with the official language of India.

Part XVIII: Emergency Provisions - This part deals with the emergency provisions that can be imposed in the country.

Part XIX: Miscellaneous - This part contains miscellaneous provisions related to the Constitution.

Part XX: Amendment of the Constitution - This part deals with the procedure for amending the Constitution.

Part XXI: Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions - This part contains temporary, transitional, and special provisions related to the Constitution.

Part XXII: Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals - This part contains the short title, commencement, authoritative text in Hindi, and repeals.

The 12 schedules of the Indian Constitution contain various provisions related to languages, forms of oaths, the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha (the upper house of the Indian Parliament), the emoluments of high-level officials, and the administration of tribal areas